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Buddhism
One of the most widespread world religions is Buddhism. It was originated in India in the 6th century BC. Its founder Shaqyamuni was a real person, prince Siddkharta, son of the King Shuddkhodan that belonged to a noble dynasty of Gautam. He lived in northern India in 623-544 BC or 564-483 BC. In accordance with Buddhist legend, Buddha (literally, "enlightened by highest knowledge") was reincarnated in prince Sidkharta to show mankind the way to salvation. During the reign of the King of the dynasty Maurie-Ashok (268-231 BC), Buddhism became a state religion of the large Indian nation. During the time of Kushan Empire it was practiced in Bactria, Sogd, Eastern Turkestan and China. In the 1st century AD Buddhism reaches the territory of modern Uzbekistan and a number of Buddhist temples were erected in Fayaz-Tepe and Dalverzine-Tepe. A spacious Buddhist cave complex, Kara-Tepe, was built in ancient Tarmit (Termez). Buddhism was prevalent during the reign of Kushan king Kanishka (1st half of the 2nd century BC). Buddhist temples had astonishing sculptures of Buddha, Bohkitsavas and other characters, decorated with marvelous murals. Buddhists of Uzbekistan represented two main branches of Buddhism: Makhayana and Khinoyana. The legend says that Kanishka had called the 4th Buddhist council to reconcile contradictions between different branches. During the early medieval (5-7th centuries), after the recession caused by the Samanids conquest of southern Uzbekistan, Buddhism was restored. The decline of Buddhism in that region was exerted after the 8th century Arabic conquest and advancement of a new religion - Islam.

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